أنا. Classification and Management of Lifting Operations
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Grade I lifting operation: Lifting loads over 20t; loads under 20t but with complex shapes, large length-to-diameter ratio, low rigidity, or precision and valuable instruments; lifting operations under special conditions.
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Grade II lifting operation: Lifting operations that fall between Grade I and Grade III.
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Grade III lifting operation: Lifting of loads under 5t (excluding overhead crane and electric hoist operations).
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For Grade I lifting operations, the operating unit must prepare a lifting safety plan, which shall be reviewed by the company’s equipment and safety departments and approved by the company leader.
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Grade I lifting operations shall be reviewed by the person in charge of the lifting operation unit and the safety department, then approved by the company leader.
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For Grade II lifting operations, the person in charge of the lifting operation unit or the lifting operation leader shall confirm and ensure that corresponding safety measures and the on-site supervisor are in place. The operation can be carried out only after approval by the person in charge of the lifting operation unit and the company’s safety department.
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Overhead crane and electric hoist lifting operations in each workshop must be performed by personnel holding a lifting machinery operation certificate, and an on-site supervisor must be present.
ثانيا. Safety Measures for Lifting Operations
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Lifting operation personnel must undergo specialized training, pass the assessment, and hold a special work operation certificate before being allowed to work.
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Before lifting, safety warning signs shall be set up at the lifting site and a dedicated person assigned to supervise. Non-construction personnel are prohibited from entering. During lifting, passing or standing under the suspended load is strictly forbidden.
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Lifting operation personnel must wear safety helmets. Work at height shall comply with the relevant requirements of the “Work at Height Safety Management System.”
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Before lifting, lifting equipment, wire ropes, guy ropes, chains, hooks, safety devices, and various rigging must be inspected to ensure they are safe and reliable. Defective operation is not allowed.
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Before lifting, responsibilities must be clearly divided, personnel must stick to their posts, and unified command must be conducted according to the signals specified in “Lifting and Hoisting Command Signals.”
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It is strictly forbidden to use pipelines, pipe racks, power poles, electromechanical equipment, إلخ., as lifting anchor points. Buildings or structures shall not be used as anchor points without review and calculation by the equipment department.
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Before lifting, a detailed safety inspection shall be performed on the running parts, safety devices, and lifting accessories and slings of all lifting machinery. Safety devices of the lifting equipment must be sensitive and reliable. A trial lift must be performed before operation, and work can only proceed after confirmation of no error.
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No one is allowed to ride on the lifted load or lifting machinery. Under special circumstances where it is necessary, reliable safety measures must be taken and approved by the on-site commander.
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If hot work is required at the lifting site, the “Hot Work Safety Management System” shall be followed. Lifting ropes, guy ropes, and drag ropes at the lifting site shall avoid contact with live lines and maintain a safe distance.
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When the load approaches or reaches the rated lifting capacity, check the brake before lifting and perform a trial lift at a small height (200–300mm) and short travel. After confirming safety, hoist smoothly. When hoisting toxic and hazardous liquids or flammable and explosive items, a small-height, short-travel trial lift must also be performed first.
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Before operating a truck crane, the parking site shall be leveled as required, and the outriggers shall be set firmly and reliably.
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Loads shall not be suspended in the air for an excessively long time, and the hoisting and lowering speeds shall be steady. Emergency braking and rapid lowering are not allowed except under special circumstances.
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The project unit of the lifting operation must designate a lifting operation supervisor who is familiar with the lifting site environment and important material pipelines and equipment. The operating unit shall also assign a corresponding on-site supervisor. The on-site supervisor of the operating unit must inspect and ensure the implementation of safety measures related to the operation. Supervisors from both the operating unit and the project unit must remain on site and be prepared for emergency response.
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During lifting operations, lifting is prohibited under any of the following conditions (Ten No-Lifting):
14.1 Unclear command signal;
14.2 Overload or unknown weight;
14.3 Diagonal pulling of the load;
14.4 Insufficient light to see the load clearly;
14.5 People standing under the load;
14.6 Load buried underground;
14.7 Load not securely fastened, knotted ropes, or uneven ropes;
14.8 Sharp-edged objects without padding measures;
14.9 Load passing over people’s heads;
14.10 Safety device malfunction. -
After a lifting operation project is contracted to a qualified unit, the enterprise shall advise the contractor to comply with this regulation.
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When qualified external units perform lifting operations within the enterprise’s area, if their operations affect or endanger the enterprise’s safety, they shall be stopped promptly.
III. Management of Lifting Operations
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The “Lifting Operation Permit” is made in triplicate: one copy kept by the applying unit, one by the operating unit or operator, and one by the safety department.
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On-site lifting of flammable and explosive items such as oxygen cylinders and acetylene cylinders shall be managed as Grade II lifting operations.
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After the “Lifting Operation Permit” is approved, the operation leader shall hand the permit to the operators. The operators shall check the permit and confirm its correctness before starting work.
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Operations must be conducted strictly according to the content filled in the “Lifting Operation Permit.” Altering, lending, changing the operation content, expanding the operation scope, or transferring the operation location is strictly forbidden.
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If the lifting operation approval procedures are incomplete, safety measures are not implemented, or the work environment does not meet safety requirements, operators have the right to refuse the work.
